Nepal’s Hidden Gem – Upper Mustang offers a surreal mix of Himalayan desert beauty, cultural depth, and spiritual energy found nowhere else
Preserved Tibetan Heritage – Explore ancient monasteries, traditional mud-brick villages, and the iconic Tiji Festival rooted in centuries of Tibetan Buddhism
Lo Manthang – The Living Walled City – Step into a medieval world in the heart of Mustang, rich with palaces, gompas, and mystical legends
Year-Round Trekking Destination – Thanks to its location in the rain shadow of the Himalayas, Upper Mustang is ideal even during monsoon season
Exclusive Access to a Restricted Zone – With special permits required, the region offers a rare and peaceful trekking experience, away from the crowds
A Perfect Balance of Challenge and Beauty – Enjoy a moderately challenging trek with panoramic views, canyon trails, and remote wilderness
Spiritual Escape – Visit ancient Bon and Buddhist temples that offer reflection, peace, and a sense of timelessness
Incredible Scenery at Every Turn – From ochre cliffs and sky caves to snow-capped giants like Dhaulagiri and Annapurna
Crossing one of many rivers along the Upper Mustang Trek, Nepal
The Upper Mustang Trek difficulty is considered more demanding than that of regular treks, making it ideal for seasoned hikers seeking both physical challenge and cultural depth. More than just a journey, this trek is a passage back in time.
Tucked behind the majestic Annapurna and Dhaulagiri ranges, this arid, high-altitude desert is one of Nepal's most mystifying and spiritually rich destinations. Once an isolated Tibetan kingdom, Mustang remained restricted to outsiders until 1992. Even today, access is limited, preserving its ancient Buddhist culture, weathered cliffside monasteries, and unique Trans-Himalayan geography.
Trekkers will journey through ochre-colored valleys, wind-carved canyons, and fortified villages—including the walled city of Lo Manthang, the cultural heart of Mustang. With dramatic vistas, monastery visits, and encounters with centuries-old traditions, the trek offers a raw and immersive experience unmatched anywhere else in the Himalayas.
Whether you're a culture enthusiast, photography lover, or experienced trekker craving the extraordinary, Upper Mustang is your perfect next adventure. Ready to walk in the footsteps of monks and ancient kings? Join our Mustang Trek Package now and embark on a timeless journey through one of Nepal’s most awe-inspiring regions with A1 Excursion Adventure.
Whether you're a seasoned trekker or an adventurous beginner, Upper Mustang never fails to impress. Its surreal landscapes, rich Tibetan-Buddhist heritage, and off-the-beaten-path charm evoke a sense of wonder and discovery at every step.
Table of Contents
Where Is the Upper Mustang Located?
The Upper Mustang Trek is located in the north-central part of Nepal, near the border with Tibet. This region falls within the trans-Himalayan area, making it quite different from other trekking zones in Nepal. Its dry, rugged landscapes and strong Tibetan influence give it a special charm.
Until 1992, Upper Mustang was a restricted kingdom, closed off to the outside world. Because of this, the area has remained one of the most untouched and culturally preserved regions in the country. Most locals still speak traditional Tibetan languages, and their way of life reflects centuries-old customs and beliefs.
The journey winds through the Mustang Valley—a dry, high-altitude area with dramatic views. Throughout the trek, you’ll be surrounded by some of the most stunning Himalayan peaks, such as Annapurna, Dhaulagiri, Nilgiri, Thorung Peak, Chulu West and East, Tukuche Peak, Lamjung Himal, Annapurna II and IV. These snow-covered mountains create a breathtaking backdrop for this unforgettable adventure.
What Makes the Upper Mustang Trek So Special? A Trekker’s Perspective
Kali Gandaki River, Mustang, Nepal
For trekkers seeking something truly extraordinary, the Upper Mustang Trek offers an adventure like no other. Unlike the lush green valleys of Everest and Annapurna, Upper Mustang is a high-altitude desert where dramatic cliffs, canyon walls, and ochre-colored hills dominate the scenery. The landscapes feel otherworldly—some say it’s like walking through the pages of an ancient Tibetan fairy tale.
The trek takes you deep into a land that was once an independent kingdom. Here, Tibetan Buddhist culture thrives, preserved in medieval villages, monasteries adorned with colorful prayer flags, and traditional mud-brick houses. Meeting the locals, many of whom still dress in traditional clothing, gives trekkers a rare, intimate glimpse into a way of life that has changed little over the centuries.
If you want to know more about why the Upper Mustang Trek is so special, please read the full blog below.
How Difficult Is it to Trek Upper Mustang Region?
The Upper Mustang trekking difficulty is considered moderately to Adventerous. This is mainly because of its high altitude, dry climate, and rough trails. During the trek, you’ll climb to heights over 4,000 meters (13,000 feet), which can increase the risk of altitude sickness.
The region is dry and often windy, so water sources are limited, and the temperature can change quickly. The path is rocky and uneven, so having good stamina and balance is important.
Trekkers will walk through narrow trails, steep climbs, and rocky terrain. Despite the challenges, the trek offers stunning views and a deep cultural experience, making it a rewarding journey for the well-prepared.
Key Factors That Influence Upper Mustang Trek Difficulty
Trek in Upper Mustang takes you deep into one of the most remote areas of Mustang. It's a beautiful mix of natural landscapes, rich culture, and fascinating history. While it’s an incredible journey, the trek comes with a few challenges. These factors add to its difficulty, making it a rewarding but demanding experience for trekkers
Particulars
Details
Altitude
Max elevation: 4,298m. Symptoms of AMS (Acute Mountain Sickness), like headaches, nausea, and fatigue, can appear. Acclimatization is essential.
Daily Walking Hours
Typically 5–8 hours/day, covering 12–20 km depending on terrain.
Trail Conditions
A mix of paved and rugged trails, cliffside paths, and river crossings. Not technical, but can be physically demanding.
Weather & Seasonality
Best seasons: Spring (Mar–May), Autumn (Sep–Nov), and even Summer, thanks to the rain shadow effect. Winters are freezing; monsoons make trails slippery.
Food and accommodation
Basic tea houses and homestays are available along the route. Food options are simple and locally sourced, with limited menus compared to major trekking areas like Annapurna. Costs are slightly higher due to Mustang’s remote location.
Altitude, Endurance, and Acclimatization Tips
Choku-La Pass(4,298m), Upper Mustang
The Upper Mustang Trek reaches its highest point at Marang (Chogo) La Pass, standing at 4,230 meters. At this elevation, there is a real risk of altitude sickness.
Symptoms like headaches, nausea, shortness of breath, dizziness, and trouble sleeping can start appearing above 2,500 meters (8,200 feet). Even experienced and physically fit trekkers are not immune to it.
That’s why it’s very important to include acclimatization days in your itinerary. Taking time to adjust to the altitude helps your body adapt and reduces the risk of serious health issues during the trek.
Landscape, Terrain, and Daily Trekking Hours
The Upper Mustang Trek usually takes between 15 to 18 days to complete. However, if you're short on time, it can be done in as little as 9 to 10 days. On average, trekkers walk for about 5 to 6 hours each day. If you're not used to hiking or long walks, it might take you 7 to 8 hours to reach your daily destination.
The trek’s duration often depends on how well your body adjusts to the altitude and physical effort. A longer itinerary allows for more rest days and a gentler pace, which is especially helpful for acclimatization. It’s important to choose a trek duration that matches your fitness level and overall health.
To handle the physical demands of the trek, it’s recommended to build up your endurance ahead of time. Try hiking regularly, going on long walks, and practicing both uphill and downhill trails. Staying active before the trek will help you feel more comfortable and confident.
Weather and Best Time to Trek Upper Mustang
On the Way to Upper Mustang, Nepal
The climate in Upper Mustang is dry and often windy. While the days can be warm, the nights tend to be quite cold.
Spring (March to May), the valley comes to life with blooming flowers and pleasant temperatures, making it an ideal time for photography and outdoor exploration.
Summer (June to August) is also a good time to visit. Thanks to the Himalayas’ rain-shadow effect, the region stays relatively dry even during the monsoon season.
Autumn (September to November) is another great season for trekking. The skies are clear, the colors are vibrant, and the views of the rugged landscape are at their best.
Winter (December to February), on the other hand, can be challenging. Snowfall often covers the higher passes, making some trails hard to access and travel more difficult.
Building Endurance and Focus for the trek to Upper Mustang
Getting ready both physically and mentally is one of the best ways to enjoy the Upper Mustang Trek safely and comfortably. It’s a good idea to start training a few months in advance by going on regular walks, light hikes, or even short jogs. This helps build your stamina, makes it easier to breathe at higher altitudes, and reduces tiredness on steep trails.
Alongside physical training, try adding a few minutes of daily mindfulness, like simply focusing on your breath. It’s a small habit that can help you stay calm, focused, and less stressed during long trekking days.
Before you go, be sure to speak with your doctor, especially if you have any heart, lung, or blood pressure conditions. Health and safety always come first.
Also, keep in mind that the weather can affect your experience. Summer monsoons can make the trails muddy, and winter can be very cold with snowy paths. For a more pleasant journey, spring and autumn are the best seasons, offering mild temperatures, clear skies, and well-kept trails.
Permits, Fees & Entry Difficulties for Upper Mustang Trek
Upper Mustang is a restricted region, and each traveler needs to pay a permit fee of $500. Trekkers are generally required to travel in groups of at least two, as solo trekking is not usually allowed in this area. You’ll also need two permits: the Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP) and a Special Restricted Area Permit specifically for Upper Mustang.
To stay up to date, it’s a good idea to check the latest rules with local authorities or a licensed trekking agency before planning your trip.
You can get the ACAP on your own by visiting the Nepal Tourism Board office in Kathmandu or Pokhara. Just fill out a form, pay the fee, and bring your passport along with two passport-sized photos.
For the Special Restricted Area Permit, you’ll need to go through a registered trekking agency in Nepal. They’ll take care of the paperwork for you—you just need to provide copies of your passport, visa, and two photos.
It’s best to apply well in advance of your trekking dates so everything is ready on time and you avoid any last-minute issues.
Do You Need a Guide or Porter for Upper Mustang Trek?
Since Upper Mustang is a restricted area, hiring a licensed guide is mandatory for the trek to the Mustang region. Porters are not required, but they’re highly recommended—especially if you’re not used to carrying a heavy backpack for several hours at high altitude.
Having a guide not only ensures your safety and helps you stay on the right path but also adds to the experience by sharing insights about the region’s culture and history. With a guide by your side, your journey becomes smoother, more informative, and much more enjoyable.
Accommodation & Meals in Mustang Region
Tea houses in Upper Mustang, Nepal
Mustang is a remote area of Nepal, so food prices here are usually a bit higher than what you’ll find in cities like Kathmandu or Pokhara. The menus are more limited, too, with most meals being simple and locally prepared.
When it comes to accommodation, there are plenty of tea houses and homestays throughout Upper Mustang. So, you won’t have trouble finding a place to stay. Options range from basic to more comfortable, depending on your budget and preferences.
Transportation Tips & Travel Difficulties on Upper Mustang Trek
There are many options available between Kathmandu and Pokhara. There are local buses, tourist buses, daily flights, and even private jeeps. But the Jomsom flight may be delayed or cancelled; the route is fully off-road and narrow, which may add some difficulty to your trip.
Anyway, taking a flight can be convenient, which makes your trips a lot easier. You can also check out a Jeep tour if you get tired.
How to Prepare for the Upper Mustang Trek
Trekking through Upper Mustang offers a unique cultural and natural experience, but the high-altitude desert landscape and unpredictable weather can make it quite demanding. Preparation is key to enjoying and completing the Upper Mustang Trek safely and comfortably. Here are some helpful tips to make your journey smoother, safer, and more enjoyable:
Walk at Your Own Pace
There’s no need to rush. Walk slowly and steadily, allowing your body to adjust to the altitude while you soak in the region’s raw beauty and ancient Tibetan-influenced culture.
Dress in Layers
The weather can change quickly with altitude. Dressing in layers lets you adapt to the fluctuating temperatures throughout the day—warm in the sun, chilly in the shade, and very cold at night.
Prepare for Strong Winds
Upper Mustang is known for its strong, dusty winds, especially in the afternoon. Bring a windproof jacket, sunglasses, and a buff or scarf to shield your face from the gusts.
Add Buffer Days for Flight Delays
Flights between Pokhara and Jomsom are often delayed due to weather, especially during the monsoon season. Add an extra day or two to your schedule—use it to explore local villages if everything runs on time.
Gear Up Properly Invest in high-quality trekking boots, a breathable layered clothing system, a windproof jacket, and a sturdy backpack. Don't forget essentials like trekking poles, a good hat, sunglasses, and a hydration system.
Book Ahead in Peak Season
Accommodations can fill up fast during peak trekking months and festivals like Tiji. To avoid last-minute stress, book your teahouses and flights in advance.
Stay Hydrated
The dry air at altitude can dehydrate you more quickly than you think. Carry a reusable water bottle, drink frequently, and consider using water purification tablets for safety.
Get Travel Insurance with Emergency Evacuation
Altitude sickness and unexpected injuries can happen. Choose travel insurance that covers high-altitude trekking and helicopter evacuation, just in case. It’s a small investment that offers major peace of mind.
Focus on Mental Resilience
Trekking in remote areas can be mentally challenging. Meditation or simple breathing exercises can help you stay calm, focused, and positive during tough days.
Final Thoughts
For those yearning for a trek that beautifully weaves cultural richness with breathtaking Himalayan landscapes, the Upper Mustang Trek stands out as a truly remarkable experience. As you traverse the ancient kingdom once forbidden to outsiders, you'll step into a world shaped by centuries-old Tibetan-Buddhist traditions, mystical cave dwellings, and timeworn monasteries perched amidst desert cliffs.
Though the trek poses moderate physical challenges, its reward lies in the serenity of untouched terrain and spiritual depth that few other routes offer. With proper acclimatization and preparation, the journey becomes not just manageable but immensely rewarding.
Whether you're drawn to its mythical aura, dramatic vistas, or profound cultural encounters, Upper Mustang offers a rare and transformative trekking adventure.
Join Upper Mustang Trek With Us
Taking a break on the way to Upper Mustang
If you're looking to explore this remote wonderland with confidence, consider planning your trip with a trusted guide like A1 Excursion Adventure, experienced in crafting unforgettable Himalayan journeys.
1. How hard is the Upper Mustang Trek for beginners? - While the trek is moderately difficult, beginners can complete it with good preparation, proper acclimatization, and the help of experienced guides.
2. What is the highest altitude on the Upper Mustang Trek? - The trek reaches a maximum elevation of 4,230 meters at Marang (Chogo) La Pass.
3. Is a permit required to trek Upper Mustang? - Yes, you need a Special Restricted Area Permit and the Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP).
4. Can I trek Upper Mustang solo? - No. Solo trekking is not allowed. You must travel with a licensed guide and be in a group of at least two.
5. When is the best time to go on the Upper Mustang Trek? - Spring (March–May), Summer (June–August), and Autumn (September–November) are the best times due to stable weather and clear views.
6. What kind of training is needed for this trek? - Cardio exercises, long walks, strength training, and altitude exposure (if possible) are recommended.
7. Are there ATMs or Wi-Fi available during the trek? - Services are limited in Upper Mustang. Carry cash and expect spotty or no Wi-Fi along the trail.
8. Is Upper Mustang safe for solo female travelers (with a group)? - Yes, it’s considered a safe region if traveling with a licensed guide and a reputable trekking agency.
9. What kind of accommodation is available? - Mostly tea houses and homestays, offering basic to moderate comfort with locally prepared meals.
10. Can I explore the region by Jeep instead of trekking? - Yes. Jeep tours are available and ideal for those short on time or unable to complete long treks.
Raj Thapa
Founder & Managing Director Raj Kumar Thapa: Founder & Managing Director of the Company, and has over 2 decades of professional experience in the travel and trekking field. Mr. Raj has spent the entirety of his career in the travel & trek organization. He is passionate about providing meaningful travel experiences that leave people with a sense of wonder for the natural world. Mr. Raj Thapa is also a strong voice for wildlife and Environmental conservation, as it is a lifestyle and a mission for him. Besides his great experience, he was honored with many awards related to travel and tourism. In 2011/2012, he was honored with the TOURISM APPRECIATION AWARD 2011. He is also a Master's Degree Holder in Rural Development and has written a Thesis in this subject too.
